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The properties of Si3N4:
The molecular form of silicon nitride Si3N4 is where N makes up 39.94% and Si 60.06%. Si and N are bound by a strong, covalent bond (30% ionic). This gives Si3N4 a high Mohs hardness (9), mellow melting point and stable structural properties.
Silicon-nitride does not melt and decomposes at 1900degC when under normal pressure. It has a specific temperature of 711.8J/kg*degC. The microhardnesses of the a-phase and b-phase are respectively 1016GPa & 24.532.65GPa. As it is a covalently-bonded compound, liquid phase will not form under its decomposition temperatures (about 190degC). Silicon nitride is sintered by using oxide additives. The main oxide materials which promote sintering are Y2O3, AL2O3, etc. When the addition is higher than 20%, the reaction is based on using the SiO2 oxide layer formed on the surface silicon nitride and the added oxide in order to form a liquid and penetrate into crystal. The material must have a high degree of diffusion.
Material Si3N4 has a high thermodynamic stability. In an oxidizing environment, silicon nitride is suitable up to 1400degC. It can be used to up to 1800degC when in a neutral atmosphere or reducing one.
Applications of silicon-nitride materials to refractory materials
The excellent properties of silicon nitride are well known for their high temperature structural materials. These include high-temperature resistance, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. Because of the strong covalent bond at high temperatures and low diffusion coefficient, Si3N4 must be manufactured under high temperature and pressure using a sintering agent. Otherwise, it would be difficult to produce silicon nitride material of high quality. This production cost and these equipment limitations are hard for the metallurgical industries to accept. The research on refractories began late, and was not comprehensive. There are many theories derived from ceramics but little innovation. In the past silicon nitride only existed as a phase of bonding in refractory products. The nitriding of metal Si combined with fine powder and corundum, or silicon carbide to produce a mixture of hard-to-sinter materials.
The ceramic shed consists of fine powder and silicon carbide. It uses metal Si Nitrided to Form Silicon Nitride as the Binding Phase to Combine Silicon Carbide, which is Used in Blast Furnace Body and Other Parts. So the Performance of the Material has been greatly Improved. Material has better high-temperature properties than the clay-bonded silicone carbide shed. This solves the problem caused by the oxidation and swelling of silicon carbide in the shed when it is used. As the binding material for the amorphous materials in the Baosteel project’s second phase, the corrosion-resistant Si3N4 is used.
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